Higher levels of methylglyoxal associated with poorer memory,
executive function, and less gray matter in people:

http://biomedgerontology.oxfordjourn...ls100.full.pdf

Methylglyoxal derivative fed to mice increased amyloid beta
accumulation and impaired learning and memory:

http://www.pnas.org/content/111/13/4940.full.pdf

Methylglyoxal is the dominant bioactive compound in Manuka
honey:

http://www.agriculturejournals.cz/publicFiles/07735.pdf