On 2016-10-31 4:59 PM, graham wrote:
> On 10/31/2016 2:46 PM, Janet wrote:
>> In article >,
>> says...
>>>
>>> On 2016-10-31 1:54 PM, Janet wrote:
>>>> In article >,
>>>> says...
>>>>>
>>>>> If heating destroyed all the harmful bacteria, then it would also
>>>>> destroy
>>>>> botulism...but it doesn't
>>>>
>>>> It does.
>>>>
>>>>> ...explain that.
>>>>
>>>> http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs270/en/
>>>>
>>> Apparently is doesn't. From the article you linked:
>>> Though spores of Clostridium botulinum are heat-resistant, the toxin
>>> produced by bacteria growing out of the spores under anaerobic
>>> conditions is destroyed by boiling (for example, at internal temperature
>>> >85°C for five minutes or longer). Therefore, ready-to-eat foods in low
>>> oxygen-packaging are more frequently involved in botulism."
>>>
>>> Heat destroys the toxin but not the spores that produce it.
>>
>> http://food.unl.edu/clostridium-botulinum
>>
>> " Clostridium botulinum is an anaerobic, sporeforming bacteria that
>> produces a neurotoxin. The bacteria can exist as a vegetative cell or a
>> spore. The spore is the dormant state of the bacteria and can exist
>> under conditions where the vegetative cell cannot. When conditions are
>> right, the spore will grow into the vegetative cell. When the vegetative
>> cells grow to high numbers, this bacteria produces the toxin. The
>> vegetative cells of Clostridium botulinum are destroyed by heat but the
>> spore is very resistant to heat. Temperatures well above 100°C (212°F)
>> are needed to destroy the spore. "
>>
>>
> I see that those in a university are unaware of the correct word:
> "bacterium"
>
Those in a university probably don't often see a single bacterium. They
tend of be present in large numbers, and in different strains. Hence the
use of the plural.