scott f wrote:

> I use a primary which has a tight fitting lid and a airlock.
>
I have also done this. I have also fermented using a loose fitting cover
without having an air tight fit or airlock. I really can not say which
method is better.

I know a lot of people CLAIM that the fermentation needs Oxygen in the early
stages but I doubt it as long as you prepare a good starter before
pitching.

The protective layer of CO2 on an active fermentation is going to keep most
O2 exposure out anyhow. When using a non airlock primary, it IS important
to watch and make sure that you transfer to airlock BEFORE you loose the
protective layer of CO2 on top of the must. With an airtight lid and
airlock, you do not have to be as concerned.

These are just my opinions and I am sure others will tell me that I am wrong
and how important it is to have air for the primary. I have not proven
this to be true to myself. Now days, I just cover to keep the bugs out and
transfer when the cap drops - meaning the CO2 is not sufficient to raise
the solids and also provide a protective cap and therefore there is a risk
of spoilage.