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I just read on Vitisphere (my translation)
Pinot gris is a chimera Research by INRA in Colmar on the pinot genome has led to an amazing discovery: certain versions of the pinot gris grape have two distinct genomes, one for the skin and one for the berry itself. In genetics this is referred to as a "natural tissue chimera". So in pinot gris one finds the skin genome, that gives it its colour and therefore its aroma, and the denome of the interior tissues, which are IDENTICAL TO PINOT BLANC ! The study encompassed 6 types of pinot : gris, noir, meunier, teinturier, blanc and moure. Mike Mike Tommasi, Six Fours, France email link http://www.tommasi.org/mymail |
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Mike Tommasi wrote:
> I just read on Vitisphere (my translation) > > Pinot gris is a chimera > > Research by INRA in Colmar on the pinot genome has led to an amazing > discovery: certain versions of the pinot gris grape have two distinct > genomes, one for the skin and one for the berry itself. In genetics > this is referred to as a "natural tissue chimera". So in pinot gris > one finds the skin genome, that gives it its colour and therefore its > aroma, and the denome of the interior tissues, which are IDENTICAL TO > PINOT BLANC ! The study encompassed 6 types of pinot : gris, noir, > meunier, teinturier, blanc and moure. Mike, This is mind boggling if true: the genome of the skin tissue is DIFFERENT from that of the flesh. That implies that either a mutation takes place during the development of the grape, or that the skin and the flesh are derived from two different germ lines. Neither explanation makes much sense to me... Mark Lipton BTW, Googling for the phrase "natural tissue chimera" turned up nothing. |
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Mark Lipton wrote:
> Mike Tommasi wrote: > >> I just read on Vitisphere (my translation) >> >> Pinot gris is a chimera > Mike, > This is mind boggling if true: the genome of the skin tissue is > DIFFERENT from that of the flesh. That implies that either a mutation > takes place during the development of the grape, or that the skin and > the flesh are derived from two different germ lines. Neither > explanation makes much sense to me... I'm not even remotely an expert in this field (my initial exposure to the subject was an episode of CSI last year), but I did a brief bit of web-research then, for what it's worth. I was left with the impression that a chimera is the result of a mutation or aberration in development; so I too am quite surprised to find an example of something that reliably reproduces as a chimera. I'd think that the seeds would contain one genome or another. Dana |
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On Fri, 18 Jun 2004 10:01:29 -0500, Mark Lipton >
wrote: >Mike Tommasi wrote: >> I just read on Vitisphere (my translation) >> >> Pinot gris is a chimera >> >> Research by INRA in Colmar on the pinot genome has led to an amazing >> discovery: certain versions of the pinot gris grape have two distinct >> genomes, one for the skin and one for the berry itself. In genetics >> this is referred to as a "natural tissue chimera". So in pinot gris >> one finds the skin genome, that gives it its colour and therefore its >> aroma, and the denome of the interior tissues, which are IDENTICAL TO >> PINOT BLANC ! The study encompassed 6 types of pinot : gris, noir, >> meunier, teinturier, blanc and moure. > >Mike, > This is mind boggling if true: the genome of the skin tissue is >DIFFERENT from that of the flesh. That implies that either a mutation >takes place during the development of the grape, or that the skin and >the flesh are derived from two different germ lines. Neither >explanation makes much sense to me... Incidentally, I have heard that trees are often colonies of individuals with different genetic codes. I never knew it could happen within a fruit ! Mike Mike Tommasi, Six Fours, France email link http://www.tommasi.org/mymail |
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http://www.plosbiology.org/plosonlin...l.pbio.0020043
Mark Lipton wrote: > Mike Tommasi wrote: > >> I just read on Vitisphere (my translation) >> >> Pinot gris is a chimera >> >> Research by INRA in Colmar on the pinot genome has led to an amazing >> discovery: certain versions of the pinot gris grape have two distinct >> genomes, one for the skin and one for the berry itself. In genetics >> this is referred to as a "natural tissue chimera". So in pinot gris >> one finds the skin genome, that gives it its colour and therefore its >> aroma, and the denome of the interior tissues, which are IDENTICAL TO >> PINOT BLANC ! The study encompassed 6 types of pinot : gris, noir, >> meunier, teinturier, blanc and moure. > > > Mike, > This is mind boggling if true: the genome of the skin tissue is > DIFFERENT from that of the flesh. That implies that either a mutation > takes place during the development of the grape, or that the skin and > the flesh are derived from two different germ lines. Neither > explanation makes much sense to me... > > Mark Lipton > > BTW, Googling for the phrase "natural tissue chimera" turned up nothing. |
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Mike wrote:
> http://www.plosbiology.org/plosonlin...l.pbio.0020043 Most helpful, Mike. Although this particular effect seems specific to the scale insects ("Obligate chimerism—the presence of two genetically distinct cell lineages in every individual at each life stage—is found in a few families of scale insects, but nowhere else in nature.") it did lead me to the correct Google search, which turned up this reference: http://www.actahort.org/books/603/603_70.htm It seems that this effect occurs because the Pinot cultivars possess 3 instead of 2 copies of one chromosome, which permits one layer of cells to use one version and another layer to use a different version. Not only that, but if the two layers of cells are separated and allowed to develop into grapes, both layers give rise to grapes that are distinct from Pinot Gris: http://tinyurl.com/2j3ey Truth is stranger than fiction yet again! Mark Lipton |
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![]() "Mark Lipton" > wrote in message ... > This is mind boggling if true: the genome of the skin tissue is > DIFFERENT from that of the flesh. That implies that either a mutation > takes place during the development of the grape, or that the skin and > the flesh are derived from two different germ lines. Neither > explanation makes much sense to me... > > Mark Lipton > > BTW, Googling for the phrase "natural tissue chimera" turned up nothing. There was an episode of CSI recently where this phenomenon, although in a _human_, was central to the story. The killer's DNA from a mouth swab was different from the DNA in his blood (which was the same as found at the crime scene). It stumped Grissom for a while, but he eventually figured it out. I wasn't sure this was a real phenomenon, but a Copernic search on chimera+DNA turned up this link: http://www.ananova.com/news/story/sm...ery.genet ics It gets even weirder with this one: http://www.nature.com/nsu/020429/020429-13.html which mentions a phenomenon called mosaicism. Tom S |
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![]() "Dana Myers" > wrote in message m... > I'd think that the seeds would contain one genome or another. They very well may, but grapevines are not replicated from seeds - at least not in viticulture. They are cloned from cuttings. This is true of many cultivated species for that matter (e.g. apples and roses) when genetic diversity is _not_ desired. Tom S |
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Tom S wrote:
> "Dana Myers" > wrote in message > m... > >>I'd think that the seeds would contain one genome or another. > > > They very well may, but grapevines are not replicated from seeds - at least > not in viticulture. They are cloned from cuttings. This is true of many > cultivated species for that matter (e.g. apples and roses) when genetic > diversity is _not_ desired. Right - I understand. However, I was thinking of how such a mutation would occur and propagate in nature. Dana |
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Dana Myers > wrote :
> Mark Lipton wrote: > > Mike Tommasi wrote: > > > >> I just read on Vitisphere (my translation) > >> > >> Pinot gris is a chimera > > > Mike, > > This is mind boggling if true: the genome of the skin tissue is > > DIFFERENT from that of the flesh. That implies that either a mutation > > takes place during the development of the grape, or that the skin and > > the flesh are derived from two different germ lines. Neither > > explanation makes much sense to me... > > I'm not even remotely an expert in this field (my initial > exposure to the subject was an episode of CSI last year), > but I did a brief bit of web-research then, for what it's > worth. I was left with the impression that a chimera is the > result of a mutation or aberration in development; so I > too am quite surprised to find an example of something > that reliably reproduces as a chimera. > > I'd think that the seeds would contain one genome or another. > > Dana Right. But vines are propagated asexually, so a mutation can be reproduced indefinitely. I think. I don't know much about the subject either and I don't watch CSI, so you may have the advantage. |
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For french readers, a more complete article straight from INRA
http://www.inra.fr/presse/mai04/nb1.html Mike Tommasi, Six Fours, France email link http://www.tommasi.org/mymail |
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